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A manuscript collective indulgence, written on vellum in the chancery hand used in Rome, granted to the nuns and giving them permission to display a famed painting of the Virgin Mary. Remission of the temporal consequences for sin could be obtained…

Luther studied the Hebrew Psalms – 150 poetic texts of devotion, praise, and lament – intensively from 1513-15 and he returned to them throughout his life.

Luther famously preferred some portions of the Bible to others. Among his favored sections were the New Testament epistles of St. Paul, whose teachings on "justification by faith" were a central, organizing theme for Luther’s theology and the lens…

The first edition of Luther's translation of the Hebrew Prophets. An edition of the entire Hebrew Bible would appear two years later.

The third Wittenberg folio edition of Luther's translation. Woodcut illustrations of the Apocalypse of St. John, from the workshop of Lucas Cranach the Elder, depict the defeat of the satanic dragon at the conclusion of that visionary work. The…

The third Wittenberg folio edition of Luther's translation. Woodcut illustrations of the Apocalypse of St. John, from the workshop of Lucas Cranach the Elder, depict the defeat of the satanic dragon at the conclusion of that visionary work. The…

The first edition of Luther’s translation of the Torah – the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, also known as the Pentateuch – showing a woodcut image of a scene from the story of Noah and the flood.

First appearing in September 1522 (the so-called "September Testament"), Luther’s New Testament was reprinted more than 50 times over the next four years. The two marginal manicules in this 1523 edition point to key passages in St. Paul’s "Epistle to…

First appearing in September 1522 (the so-called "September Testament"), Luther’s New Testament was reprinted more than 50 times over the next four years. The two marginal manicules in this 1523 edition point to key passages in St. Paul’s "Epistle to…

This short pamphlet contains a song to the Blessed Virgin Mary, the singing or reading of which obtains an indulgence of 40 days. Indulgences were very popular with printers, as they were typically quite short texts and could be set up and sold in…