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                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
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            <name>Notes</name>
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                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="196771">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
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                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
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	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
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                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Album: signatures of some of those who came to examine the model of the Temple of Solomon. 89-90</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Mill, David, 1692-1756.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1748-1757</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>CLIO id: 7094832</text>
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        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
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            <name>Key Date</name>
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                <text>1748 1757</text>
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          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
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                <text>exact</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Place of Origin</name>
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                <text>Utrecht</text>
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          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>manuscripts</text>
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            <name>Repository Name</name>
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                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
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            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>X893 AL1</text>
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            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Original filename: X893_AL1_095.tif</text>
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            <name>Language of Cataloging</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>eng</text>
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          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
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                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
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            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
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                    <text>1118</text>
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                <name>IPTC Array</name>
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                    <text>a:1:{s:12:"date_created";s:10:"17.10.2012";}</text>
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                <name>IPTC String</name>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Albuquerque, New Mexico : chief city of a new empire in the great Southwest. Recto cover of viewbook</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Hening, H. B</text>
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                <text>Johnson, E. Dana.</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="204822">
                <text>H.B. Hening and E.D. Johnson</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>CLIO id: 1101838</text>
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        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
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          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
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                <text>1908 </text>
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          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="204827">
                <text>approximate</text>
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            <name>Publication Place</name>
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                <text>Albuquerque, N.M. </text>
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          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>books</text>
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                <text>Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library, Columbia University</text>
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            <name>Subrepository</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Avery Classics Collection</text>
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          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="204832">
                <text>AA735 AL15 AL15</text>
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            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>Original filename: 1202210021.tif</text>
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            <name>Language of Cataloging</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
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                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>circa 1908</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>CLIO id: 1101838</text>
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        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
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          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
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                <text>1908 </text>
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            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
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                <text>approximate</text>
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David Allan, "Ross, Alexander (1591-1654)," in: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2007, available online: http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/24110 (accessed 10 June 2011)&#13;
Nabil Matar, "A Note on Alexander Ross and the English Translation of the Qurʾān," Journal of Islamic Studies 23/1, 2012, pp. 76-84&#13;
Noel Malcolm, "The 1649 English Translation of the Koran: Its Origins and Significance," Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 75 (2012), pp. 261-295 &#13;
&#13;
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the firman's French translation has been published in: A. Hamilton and F. Richard, André du Ryer and Oriental Studies in Seventeenth-Century France, London, 2004, p. 132&#13;
H. Busse et al., "Farmān,” in: Encylopaedia of Islam, 2nd ed., 2, 1965, pp. 803-896&#13;
B. Fragner, “Farmān,” in: Encyclopaedia Iranica 9/3, 1999, pp. 282-295&#13;
A. H. Groot, ”Murād IV,” in: Encylopaedia of Islam, 2nd ed., 7, 1993, pp. 597-599&#13;
Gladys Frantz-Murphy, "Identity and Security in the Mediterranean World ca. AD 640- ca. AD 1517," in: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Congress of Papyrology, Ann Arbor 2007, Ann Arbor, Mich. 2010, pp. 253-264 </text>
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ESTC R200452, R200453, R220382&#13;
David Allan, "Ross, Alexander (1591-1654)," in: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2007, available online: http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/24110 (accessed 10 June 2011)&#13;
Nabil Matar, "A Note on Alexander Ross and the English Translation of the Qurʾān," Journal of Islamic Studies 23/1, 2012, pp. 76-84&#13;
Noel Malcolm, "The 1649 English Translation of the Koran: Its Origins and Significance," Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 75 (2012), pp. 261-295</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
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          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269834">
                <text>rd</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269835">
                <text>Soiuz Pazhei Records</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="3">
        <name>Additional Item Metadata</name>
        <description>The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="55">
            <name>Provenance</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269836">
                <text>Purchase, 1957</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
