<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/items/browse?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=223&amp;sort_field=added" accessDate="2026-04-23T16:56:58+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>223</pageNumber>
      <perPage>20</perPage>
      <totalResults>8955</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="7187" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7557">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/0bf876bc622c5702f01656a769d0bc5c.jpg</src>
        <authentication>0d8d4e7299b402a74873a58bcfd9bc73</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194158">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194159">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194162">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194163">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:216:"120017_050, 1/25/12, 12:45 PM, 16C, 3446x4369 (912+2953), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R66.1, G33.2, B43.8&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"25.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194164">
                    <text>caption:120017_050, 1/25/12, 12:45 PM, 16C, 3446x4369 (912+2953), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R66.1, G33.2, B43.8&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:25.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194165">
                    <text>912</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195701">
                <text>Maḥzor le-shalosh regalim. 287v</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="195702">
                <text> מחזור לשלש רגלים   מנהג צרפת </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195703">
                <text>14th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195704">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195705">
                <text>CLIO id: 8557259</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195706">
                <text>1300 1399</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195707">
                <text>approximate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195708">
                <text>France</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195709">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195710">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195711">
                <text>X893 J51</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195712">
                <text>Original filename: 120017040.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="97">
            <name>Language of Cataloging</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195713">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195714">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195715">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7188" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7558">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/0c6ead5bf97730bb591f2f4b338f2c6a.jpg</src>
        <authentication>04b50bec0ce8aa7717fe82c821f602cf</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194179">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194180">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194183">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194184">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:215:"120017_054, 1/25/12, 1:08 PM, 16C, 3326x4369 (828+3061), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R66.1, G33.2, B43.8&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"25.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194185">
                    <text>caption:120017_054, 1/25/12, 1:08 PM, 16C, 3326x4369 (828+3061), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R66.1, G33.2, B43.8&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:25.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194186">
                    <text>879</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195686">
                <text>Maḥzor le-shalosh regalim. 27r</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="195687">
                <text> מחזור לשלש רגלים   מנהג צרפת </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195688">
                <text>14th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195689">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195690">
                <text>CLIO id: 8557259</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195691">
                <text>1300 1399</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195692">
                <text>approximate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195693">
                <text>France</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195694">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195695">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195696">
                <text>X893 J51</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195697">
                <text>Original filename: 120017039.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="97">
            <name>Language of Cataloging</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195698">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195699">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195700">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7189" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7622">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/cb71bc0a7ab31d82ef4077fac4add863.jpg</src>
        <authentication>c2c87710124e9c19c849216d086ee810</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="197291">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="197292">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="197295">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="197296">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:214:"120017_0528, 8/16/12, 4:57 PM, 16C, 6678x9747 (696+492), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R37.6, G7.3, B18.3&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"16.08.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="197297">
                    <text>caption:120017_0528, 8/16/12, 4:57 PM, 16C, 6678x9747 (696+492), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R37.6, G7.3, B18.3&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:16.08.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="197298">
                    <text>822</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197299">
                <text>Igeret sheliḥut: isuf tsedaḳah la-iʻr Tsefat.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="197300">
                <text> אגרת שליחות   אסוף צדקה לעיר צפת  </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197301">
                <text>Eldaoudi, Makhlouf, Ḥakham bashi, 1825-1909.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197302">
                <text>1863</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197303">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197304">
                <text>CLIO id: 7362792</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197305">
                <text>1863 </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197306">
                <text>exact</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197307">
                <text>Tsefat</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197308">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197309">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197310">
                <text>X893 M5863</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197311">
                <text>Original filename: 120017160.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="97">
            <name>Language of Cataloging</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197312">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197313">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197314">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7190" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7560">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/4322b33ce77b13130951d6d25e29aeed.jpg</src>
        <authentication>4b2e242f81f0df592ab2bd77776a848e</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194223">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194224">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194227">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194228">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:218:"120017b_075, 3/12/12, 11:51 AM, 16C, 4384x2833 (2390+4813), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R50.7, G18.2, B29.3&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"12.03.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194229">
                    <text>caption:120017b_075, 3/12/12, 11:51 AM, 16C, 4384x2833 (2390+4813), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R50.7, G18.2, B29.3&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:12.03.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194230">
                    <text>714</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194209">
                <text>Original filename: 120017116.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194210">
                <text>x893 R66</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194211">
                <text>Germany</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194212">
                <text>1790 1799</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194213">
                <text>approximate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194214">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194215">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194216">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194217">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194218">
                <text>Romanelli, Samuel Aaron, 1757-1814.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194219">
                <text>Ruah nakhon. Title page verso</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="194220">
                <text>רוח נכון </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194221">
                <text>CLIO id: 8797718</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194222">
                <text>1790</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7191" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7561">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/9aee09ec2ba8e68759fb6989455290ce.jpg</src>
        <authentication>af12575b5dc25e1e574d7d2d1e9b3fe9</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194245">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194246">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194249">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194250">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:218:"120017b_078, 3/12/12, 12:05 PM, 16C, 5152x4057 (1657+4285), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R50.7, G18.2, B29.3&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"12.03.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194251">
                    <text>caption:120017b_078, 3/12/12, 12:05 PM, 16C, 5152x4057 (1657+4285), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R50.7, G18.2, B29.3&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:12.03.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194252">
                    <text>905</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194231">
                <text>Original filename: 120017123.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194232">
                <text>x893 So2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194233">
                <text>Ukraine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194234">
                <text>1686</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194235">
                <text>exact</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194236">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194237">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194238">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194239">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194240">
                <text>Leṿi, Moshe ben Eliyahu, ha-Yerushalmi.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194241">
                <text>Masaʻot shel Moshe ha-Leṿi: bi-zeman she-halakh me-ʻir Kafa li-Yerushalayim. 23r</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="194242">
                <text>מסעות של משה הלוי בזמן שהלך מעיר כפא לירושלים.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194243">
                <text>CLIO id: 7362673</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194244">
                <text>1686</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7192" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7562">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/4c18e08cb37fe91479b8e46a43695788.jpg</src>
        <authentication>0154d243220a46384f1e3d25276d9e7e</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194266">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194267">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194270">
                    <text>820</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194271">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:217:"120017b_048, 3/9/12, 10:40 AM, 16C, 3884x5642 (1951+2256), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R44.4, G11.6, B24.0&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"09.03.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194272">
                    <text>caption:120017b_048, 3/9/12, 10:40 AM, 16C, 3884x5642 (1951+2256), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R44.4, G11.6, B24.0&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:09.03.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194273">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195655">
                <text>ʻEn Yaʻaḳov: Nashim, Neziḳin. 116v-117r</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="195656">
                <text>עין יעקב  נשים, נזיקין </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195657">
                <text>Ibn Ḥabib, Jacob ben Solomon, 1445?-1515 or 16.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195658">
                <text>16th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195659">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195660">
                <text>CLIO id: 7460936</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195661">
                <text>1500 1599</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195662">
                <text>approximate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195663">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195664">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195665">
                <text>X893 T142</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195666">
                <text>Original filename: 120017124.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="97">
            <name>Language of Cataloging</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195667">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195668">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195669">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7193" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7563">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/09dc802da9e756997b5b40c6ae82ff38.jpg</src>
        <authentication>695686459eb648ee0963e05d86940f4d</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194287">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194288">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194291">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194292">
                    <text>a:3:{s:6:"byline";s:14:"Ardon Bar-Hama";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"02.02.2011";s:16:"copyright_notice";s:27:"Columbia University Library";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194293">
                    <text>byline:Ardon Bar-Hama
date_created:02.02.2011
copyright_notice:Columbia University Library
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194294">
                    <text>842</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194274">
                <text>Original filename: X893.19_P41_001a.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194275">
                <text>X893.19 P41</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194276">
                <text>1600 1699</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194277">
                <text>approximate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194278">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194279">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194280">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194281">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194282">
                <text>Pereyra de Paiva, Moses.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194283">
                <text>Relacion delas noticias delos Judios de Cochin. First leaf of text</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="194284">
                <text> </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194285">
                <text>CLIO id: 7518883</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194286">
                <text>17th century?</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7194" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7564">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/310ec17bb1bc529464461639f67ac352.jpg</src>
        <authentication>c619e40474b434a2c9a33f714656e110</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194309">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194310">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194313">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194314">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:216:"120017_013, 1/23/12, 4:15 PM, 16C, 2942x3637 (1357+4093), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R66.1, G33.2, B43.8&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"23.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194315">
                    <text>caption:120017_013, 1/23/12, 4:15 PM, 16C, 2942x3637 (1357+4093), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R66.1, G33.2, B43.8&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:23.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194316">
                    <text>931</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195639">
                <text>Asis Rimonim. 111r</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="195640">
                <text> עסיס רמונים   קיצור ספר פרדס רמונים למשה קורדובירו </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195641">
                <text>Gallico, Samuel, 16th/17th cent.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195642">
                <text>1579</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195643">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195644">
                <text>CLIO id: 7141327</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195645">
                <text>1579 </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195646">
                <text>exact</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195647">
                <text>Italy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195648">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195649">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195650">
                <text>X893 C81</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195651">
                <text>Original filename: 120017004.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="97">
            <name>Language of Cataloging</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195652">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195653">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195654">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7195" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7565">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/362d687dc16dbbae0a2b85c223e4779d.jpg</src>
        <authentication>20ee2c248da97df4a50317227966a3f8</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194331">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194332">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194335">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194336">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:216:"120017_008, 1/23/12, 3:40 PM, 16C, 2942x3637 (1297+3781), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R66.1, G33.2, B43.8&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"23.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194337">
                    <text>caption:120017_008, 1/23/12, 3:40 PM, 16C, 2942x3637 (1297+3781), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R66.1, G33.2, B43.8&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:23.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194338">
                    <text>922</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195623">
                <text>Asis Rimonim. 21r</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="195624">
                <text> עסיס רמונים   קיצור ספר פרדס רמונים למשה קורדובירו</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195625">
                <text>Gallico, Samuel, 16th/17th cent.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195626">
                <text>1579</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195627">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195628">
                <text>CLIO id: 7141327</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195629">
                <text>1579 </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195630">
                <text>exact</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195631">
                <text>Italy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195632">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195633">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195634">
                <text>X893 C81</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195635">
                <text>Original filename: 120017003.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="97">
            <name>Language of Cataloging</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195636">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195637">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195638">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7196" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7566">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/689d3a8f06c86fda9fc603501f5a4377.jpg</src>
        <authentication>4829e398de741a8b41d771d02a18346e</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194353">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194354">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194357">
                    <text>817</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194358">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:216:"120017_006, 1/23/12, 3:19 PM, 16C, 5296x3637 (1909+2905), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R66.1, G33.2, B43.8&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"23.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194359">
                    <text>caption:120017_006, 1/23/12, 3:19 PM, 16C, 5296x3637 (1909+2905), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R66.1, G33.2, B43.8&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:23.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194360">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195607">
                <text>Asis Rimonim.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="195608">
                <text> עסיס רמונים   קיצור ספר פרדס רמונים למשה קורדובירו</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195609">
                <text>Gallico, Samuel, 16th/17th cent.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195610">
                <text>1579</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195611">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195612">
                <text>CLIO id: 7141327</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195613">
                <text>1579 </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195614">
                <text>exact</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195615">
                <text>Italy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195616">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195617">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195618">
                <text>X893 C81</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195619">
                <text>Original filename: 120017002.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="97">
            <name>Language of Cataloging</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195620">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195621">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195622">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7197" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7567">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/04c19871a7ad299c1f6ecbd5653a4ec3.jpg</src>
        <authentication>33e02131a304773cb1bfd159698c7ba4</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194375">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194376">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194379">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194380">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:216:"120017_010, 1/23/12, 3:53 PM, 16C, 2942x3637 (1273+3805), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R66.1, G33.2, B43.8&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"23.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194381">
                    <text>caption:120017_010, 1/23/12, 3:53 PM, 16C, 2942x3637 (1273+3805), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R66.1, G33.2, B43.8&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:23.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194382">
                    <text>935</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195591">
                <text>Asis Rimonim. Page before 33</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="195592">
                <text> עסיס רמונים   קיצור ספר פרדס רמונים למשה קורדובירו </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195593">
                <text>Gallico, Samuel, 16th/17th cent.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195594">
                <text>1579</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195595">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195596">
                <text>CLIO id: 7141327</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195597">
                <text>1579 </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195598">
                <text>exact</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195599">
                <text>Italy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195600">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195601">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195602">
                <text>X893 C81</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195603">
                <text>Original filename: 120017001.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="97">
            <name>Language of Cataloging</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195604">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195605">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195606">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7198" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7568">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/9e5f2c8c84fe369469cb1b3c80417ef2.jpg</src>
        <authentication>2c409cb5e456340e5eaa1830c0c5026f</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194396">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194397">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194400">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194401">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:216:"120017_175, 2/2/12, 12:17 PM, 16C, 3674x4873 (2054+3241), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R71.3, G38.7, B51.0&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"02.02.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194402">
                    <text>caption:120017_175, 2/2/12, 12:17 PM, 16C, 3674x4873 (2054+3241), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R71.3, G38.7, B51.0&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:02.02.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194403">
                    <text>888</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194383">
                <text>Original filename: 120017013.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194384">
                <text>X893 G15</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194385">
                <text>1300 1399</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194386">
                <text>approximate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194387">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194388">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194389">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194390">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194391">
                <text>Ibn Gaon, Shem Tov ben Abraham, 13th/14th cent.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194392">
                <text>Keter shem ṭov. 47r</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="194393">
                <text>כתר שם טוב </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194394">
                <text>CLIO id: 7519034</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194395">
                <text>14th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7199" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7569">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/f0483656a5bd6f1e62560c0eaeb1f6c3.jpg</src>
        <authentication>64d39ae940cd78ee1a4495ed44c7aa8a</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194418">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194419">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194422">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194423">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:216:"120017_003, 1/23/12, 2:44 PM, 16C, 3374x4273 (1705+3565), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R57.9, G27.6, B39.4&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"23.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194424">
                    <text>caption:120017_003, 1/23/12, 2:44 PM, 16C, 3374x4273 (1705+3565), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R57.9, G27.6, B39.4&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:23.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194425">
                    <text>933</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194404">
                <text>Original filename: 120017016.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194405">
                <text>X893 G363</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194406">
                <text>Italy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194407">
                <text>1405</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194408">
                <text>exact</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194409">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194410">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194411">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194412">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194413">
                <text>Gikatilla, Joseph ben Abraham, b. 1248.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194414">
                <text>Sefer ha-orah. 96v</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="194415">
                <text>ספר האורה </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194416">
                <text>CLIO id: 7705118</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194417">
                <text>1405</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7200" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7570">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/36bc9b515bf971f9d5010e7265762007.jpg</src>
        <authentication>f1397329caaef89f0e1254ca7011930f</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194440">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194441">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194444">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194445">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:216:"120017_002, 1/23/12, 2:33 PM, 16C, 3374x4273 (1765+3517), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R57.9, G27.6, B39.4&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"23.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194446">
                    <text>caption:120017_002, 1/23/12, 2:33 PM, 16C, 3374x4273 (1765+3517), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R57.9, G27.6, B39.4&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:23.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194447">
                    <text>930</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194426">
                <text>Original filename: 120017015.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194427">
                <text>X893 G363</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194428">
                <text>Italy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194429">
                <text>1405</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194430">
                <text>exact</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194431">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194432">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194433">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194434">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194435">
                <text>Gikatilla, Joseph ben Abraham, b. 1248.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194436">
                <text>Sefer ha-orah. 15r</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="194437">
                <text>ספר האורה </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194438">
                <text>CLIO id: 7705118</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194439">
                <text>1405</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7201" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7571">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/0b0ee052a053af0ae750ec28862f603c.jpg</src>
        <authentication>fdf4d088e5f0840f51a255fff2c5509a</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194462">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194463">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194466">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194467">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:216:"120017_001, 1/23/12, 2:27 PM, 16C, 3374x4273 (1765+3517), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R57.9, G27.6, B39.4&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"23.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194468">
                    <text>caption:120017_001, 1/23/12, 2:27 PM, 16C, 3374x4273 (1765+3517), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R57.9, G27.6, B39.4&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:23.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194469">
                    <text>926</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194448">
                <text>Original filename: 120017014.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194449">
                <text>X893 G363</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194450">
                <text>Italy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194451">
                <text>1405</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194452">
                <text>exact</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194453">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194454">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194455">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194456">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194457">
                <text>Gikatilla, Joseph ben Abraham, b. 1248.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194458">
                <text>Sefer ha-orah. 12r</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="194459">
                <text>ספר האורה </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194460">
                <text>CLIO id: 7705118</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194461">
                <text>1405</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7202" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7572">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/9f569d0b45ebee6ce793300318b86e7a.jpg</src>
        <authentication>2f9cc6027bac6195f9c70a100b2644f7</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194483">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194484">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194487">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194488">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:217:"120017_065, 1/26/12, 12:34 PM, 16C, 4024x5558 (1321+2665), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R57.9, G27.6, B39.4&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"26.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194489">
                    <text>caption:120017_065, 1/26/12, 12:34 PM, 16C, 4024x5558 (1321+2665), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R57.9, G27.6, B39.4&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:26.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194490">
                    <text>846</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195576">
                <text>Sefer Otsrot hayim: im hagahot Natan Shapira, Mosheh Zekhut, Benyamin Kohen and Yosef. 16v</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="195577">
                <text>ספר אוצרות חיים  עם הגהות נתן שפירא, משה זכות, בנימין הכהן ויוסף טבול </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195578">
                <text>Vital, Ḥayyim ben Joseph, 1542 or 3-1620.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195579">
                <text>17th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195580">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195581">
                <text>CLIO id: 7194647</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195582">
                <text>1600 1699</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195583">
                <text>approximate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195584">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195585">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195586">
                <text>x893 H33</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195587">
                <text>Original filename: 120017029.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="97">
            <name>Language of Cataloging</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195588">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195589">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195590">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7203" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7573">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/cc50a3696c0ddf1e16181a7798d79077.jpg</src>
        <authentication>3ed4dbc12ff650ed400271759865c8ba</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194504">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194505">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194508">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194509">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:217:"120017_062, 1/26/12, 12:18 PM, 16C, 3950x5558 (1381+2628), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R57.9, G27.6, B39.4&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"26.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194510">
                    <text>caption:120017_062, 1/26/12, 12:18 PM, 16C, 3950x5558 (1381+2628), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R57.9, G27.6, B39.4&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:26.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194511">
                    <text>827</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195561">
                <text>Sefer Otsrot hayim: im hagahot Natan Shapira, Mosheh Zekhut, Benyamin Kohen and Yosef. 1r</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="195562">
                <text>ספר אוצרות חיים  עם הגהות נתן שפירא, משה זכות, בנימין הכהן ויוסף טבול </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195563">
                <text>Vital, Ḥayyim ben Joseph, 1542 or 3-1620.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195564">
                <text>17th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195565">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195566">
                <text>CLIO id: 7194647</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195567">
                <text>1600 1699</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195568">
                <text>approximate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195569">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195570">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195571">
                <text>x893 H33</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195572">
                <text>Original filename: 120017028.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="97">
            <name>Language of Cataloging</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195573">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195574">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195575">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7204" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7574">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/01d135a2ce834a3a65dd457b7aa805a8.jpg</src>
        <authentication>b107651737f0af32d05fecfa0c8dc90b</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194525">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194526">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194529">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194530">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:217:"120017_126, 1/31/12, 11:28 AM, 16C, 2870x3818 (1429+3625), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R71.2, G39.2, B50.6&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"31.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194531">
                    <text>caption:120017_126, 1/31/12, 11:28 AM, 16C, 2870x3818 (1429+3625), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R71.2, G39.2, B50.6&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:31.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194532">
                    <text>884</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194512">
                <text>Original filename: 120017055.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194513">
                <text>X893 K14</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194514">
                <text>Corfu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194515">
                <text>1776</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194516">
                <text>exact</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194517">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194518">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194519">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194520">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194521">
                <text>Seder zakhor berit. 1r</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="194522">
                <text>סדר זכור ברית </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194523">
                <text>CLIO id: 8557302</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194524">
                <text>1776</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7205" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7575">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/22a0fc612d49f1e87cd1cfc79e5a5aa9.jpg</src>
        <authentication>64a025f66e1ae61d35da535686bdf840</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194546">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194547">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194550">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194551">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:217:"120017_121, 1/31/12, 11:01 AM, 16C, 2882x3818 (1405+3577), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R71.2, G39.2, B50.6&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"31.01.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194552">
                    <text>caption:120017_121, 1/31/12, 11:01 AM, 16C, 2882x3818 (1405+3577), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R71.2, G39.2, B50.6&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:31.01.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194553">
                    <text>886</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194533">
                <text>Original filename: 120017054.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194534">
                <text>X893 K14</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Place of Origin</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194535">
                <text>Corfu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194536">
                <text>1776</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194537">
                <text>exact</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194538">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194539">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194540">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194541">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194542">
                <text>Seder zakhor berit. Title page.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="194543">
                <text>סדר זכור ברית </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194544">
                <text>CLIO id: 8557302</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194545">
                <text>1776</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7206" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7576">
        <src>https://exhibitions.library.columbia.edu/files/original/15d6f7a00648cfe2e1797d2d92d7f1ff.jpg</src>
        <authentication>38280e160eb3ea42da938979b7590aef</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194567">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194568">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194571">
                    <text>1200</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="79">
                <name>IPTC Array</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194572">
                    <text>a:2:{s:7:"caption";s:216:"120017c_016, 5/16/12, 4:47 PM, 16C, 5176x7562 (660+1848), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R40.5, G10.0, B21.5&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;";s:12:"date_created";s:10:"16.05.2012";}</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="78">
                <name>IPTC String</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194573">
                    <text>caption:120017c_016, 5/16/12, 4:47 PM, 16C, 5176x7562 (660+1848), 100%, bent 6 stops,  1/60 s, R40.5, G10.0, B21.5&#13;CUL, Mac Pro, 10.6.7, Better Light 8K-2, Viewfinder 7.4.4, HID, TTI 45ei, Rodenstock 90mm/f5.6, ColorChecker&#13;
date_created:16.05.2012
</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="194574">
                    <text>799</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="46">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272745">
                  <text>The People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272746">
                  <text>A printed book and a manuscript codex may contain the same text, but one can argue that the latter is inherently richer.  The printing press produced a multitude of identical copies, but each manuscript is unique and individual.  In a manuscript, each page had to be carefully prepared and every letter required painstaking work.  Ultimately, each manuscript contains more than just the text within it.  Isaac Mendelsohn, author of the first catalog of the Hebrew manuscripts at Columbia, wrote, “An old Hebrew book is...more than a mere collection of bound sheets on which a given text is [written].  The notes on the flyleaves, the remarks on the margins the names of its various owners, and the countries in which it saw service actually make it into two books - one containing the text, the passive part, and the other the history of the persons who owned and used it.”&#13;
	This exhibition attempts to show the second kind of book: the book that tells a story about its authors, its owners, and its users.  Occasionally, the story is found within the main portion of the text, but it is also found in the paratext: in the wine stains on a Passover Haggadah, in the candle wax in a prayer book, or in an odd notation on a title page or in a colophon.  On a journey through the exhibit, it is our hope that visitors will find at least one story that inspires, intrigues, or ignites the imagination.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="272747">
                  <text>Michelle Chesner</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="8">
        <name>MODS</name>
        <description>MODS support according to Columbia University Libraries MODS profile</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="96">
            <name>Notes</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194554">
                <text>Original filename: 120017157.tif</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Shelf Location</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194555">
                <text>X893 L892</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Key Date</name>
            <description>Key date is creation date in normalized format, or the date that can be considered the most accurate date of representation.  Use YYYY-MM-DD format.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194556">
                <text>1700 1799</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="87">
            <name>Type of Date</name>
            <description>Enter the type of date represented by the key date.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194557">
                <text>approximate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="94">
            <name>Repository Name</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194558">
                <text>Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="99">
            <name>Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194559">
                <text>X Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Form/Genre</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194560">
                <text>manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="98">
            <name>Digital Origin</name>
            <description>How the item came to be digitized.  Options are born digital, reformatted digital, digitized microfilm, or digitized other analog</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194561">
                <text>Reformatted Digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194562">
                <text>Vital, Ḥayyim ben Joseph, 1542 or 3-1620.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194563">
                <text>Derekh ʻets ḥayim. Title page.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="194564">
                <text> דרך עץ חיים  </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194565">
                <text>CLIO id: 7633554</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194566">
                <text>18th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
