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H. Busse et al., "Farmān,” in: Encylopaedia of Islam, 2nd ed., 2, 1965, pp. 803-896&#13;
B. Fragner, “Farmān,” in: Encyclopaedia Iranica 9/3, 1999, pp. 282-295&#13;
A. H. Groot, ”Murād IV,” in: Encylopaedia of Islam, 2nd ed., 7, 1993, pp. 597-599&#13;
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